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https://www.iampsychiatry.uk/adult-adhd-medication/

ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medications are the firstline treatment for ADHD They have a long track record of a robust response high tolerance and safety throughout the life span Its crucial to find the right dosage and medication that eases your or your childs symptoms without causing side effects It can take a lot of trial and error as well as an open communication with your doctor Stimulants Stimulants are medications that increase the activity of the central nervous system Students and artists athletes workers and other people use them to boost their performance and cognitive abilities They are also used for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD and eating disorders that cause binge eating and other anxiety disorders The most commonly used stimulant medications are amphetamines and methylphenidates FDAapproved prescription stimulants come in both prolongedrelease and immediaterelease formulations Immediaterelease pills are usually taken every 4 hours If they are not taken as often they can cause an abrupt and brief decrease in energy The crash can cause severe cravings mood swings and fatigue Instantrelease medication can also increase blood pressure and heartbeat in some people This is especially the case when they do not eat enough Extendedrelease medications are designed to release active ingredients over the course of 816 hours This type of medication can be prescribed by your doctor in case youre seeking longlasting relief from symptoms without taking pills frequently throughout the day Methylphenidate products that fall into the extendedrelease category include Ritalin Concerta and Focalin Daytrana is a methylphenidate that acts longlastingly product that sticks to your skin like a bandage and lasts throughout the day This kind of medication is typically given to people with ADHD who require daily doses that last longer than the immediaterelease alternatives The use of stimulants doesnt treat ADHD However they can aid in managing symptoms by enhancing the way that neurons in the brain communicate with one with each other By blocking or binding their receptors they can affect the levels of neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain This allows the release of more neurotransmitters which helps to improve the transmission and reception of messages between neurons In addition to stimulants doctors can prescribe antidepressants for ADHD The majority of antidepressants prescribed to treat ADHD affect the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in your brain Selective serotoninreuptake inhibiters are a great option for those suffering from depression or anxiety These medications are usually combined with stimulants to boost their effectiveness Your doctor can change between stimulant and a nonstimulant drug if your current medication isnt working or causes an unacceptable adverse effects Longacting Stimulants aid in the treatment of 7080 percent of adults and children with ADHD They reduce symptoms like fidgeting and talking over others They also enhance social skills and job performance The stimulant drugs begin to work once they pass through the bloodbrain barrier which can take between 45 and 60 minutes They increase the levels of dopamine and Norepinephrine between brain cells which reduces the intensity of impulses and hyperactivity The FDAapproved stimulant medications contain two molecules that are Methylphenidate Adderall Ritalin Vyvanse Concerta and amphetamine Ritalin Adderall XR Vyvanse XR Stimulants may cause adverse effects like nausea or loss of appetite as well as increased blood pressure They can also trigger anxiety and headaches They can also make tics worse and they may cause sleep issues in certain people Longacting stimulants like Strattera or Wellbutrin work both at night and day The shortacting drugs are only effective for a few hours They also aid in other disorders like depression or anxiety The medications affect how your body regulates monoamine oxidases Monoamine oxidases are enzymes that break down dopamine as well as other neurotransmitters inside the brain These chemicals remain in the body for longer if not broken down This can affect your behavior and your thinking Longacting drugs can have less negative effects Your doctor will prescribe smaller doses that you take throughout the day Some stimulants are available in extendedrelease forms that you take once a day This is a good option for some adults but its important to remember that you take them each day SSRIs and other medications have proven to be effective in treating ADHD in many adults These medications are usually prescribed to treat anxiety or depression but they can also be prescribed for ADHD About 70 of patients respond to these drugs Bupropion Wellbutrin is another SSRI that has been approved for ADHD and has been shown to be more effective than placebos in one controlled study These SSRIs can cause severe side effects like ringing in the ears anxiety and changes to vision and lung and heart function in some people Shortacting Stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing levels of dopamine as well as norepinephrine in the brain These are two chemicals that aid people in focusing and manage their behavior These drugs come in many different forms and each has its own brand such as Adderall Vyvanse Ritalin Concerta There are two main types of stimulant drugs such as the methylphenidates such as methylphenidate and amphetamines such as dextroamphetamine All have similar effects but differ in the duration of their action The methylphenidates are less effective they can last as long as three hours whereas the amphetamines have longerlasting effects Certain individuals are better at absorbing longacting stimulant medications than those with shortacting stimulants which is why your doctor may prescribe this kind of drug It is essential to learn as much as possible about the medication This includes any side effects how often it should be taken and any warnings add adhd medication Iam Psychiatry will assist you and your doctor to determine the most suitable medication for you These medications may also cause some adverse side effects such as insomnia or a decrease in appetite If these happen consult your physician about altering the dosage or using another drug Adults with ADHD who do not respond to stimulants well may be treated with nonstimulant medication These medicines take longer to work but improve the ability to pay attention and to control impulses These drugs might be prescribed as a standalone or together with stimulants The first one is atomoxetine brand names Strattera and Qelbree that increases norepinephrine as well as dopamine levels in the prefrontal cortex which regulates the behavior Another is Guanfacine brand name Intuniv that belongs to a group of medications called alpha agonists They block the release of brain chemicals and increasing their level in the bloodstream Guanfacine was initially developed to treat high blood pressure has now been shown to be effective in treating ADHD Combinations People suffering from ADHD use a variety of drug combinations These include stimulants and depressants such as the guanfacine or clonidine These drugs can be calming for the brain and can reduce symptoms like sleeplessness and aggressive behavior They can also prevent the withdrawal symptoms from stimulants However this combination could be dangerous if not properly used Serotonin Syndrome is a drug emergency that occurs when there is a high concentration of serotonin in the body This combination can also increase the heart rate and blood pressure The risks of taking this medication are more pronounced for those with preexisting health conditions like high blood pressure or heart disease Teenagers and young adults are increasingly taking stimulantbased combinations These drugs are often referred to as legal highs and are available in pharmacies They are also sold on the black market These substances can be hazardous especially when combined with alcohol or other drugs The use of multiple drugs can be risky Mixing drugs can cause unpredictability and negative effects These include increased heart rate slowed respiration paranoia and hallucinations Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy when it comes to treating ADHD according to a study Combining medication increased compliance and allowed patients to experience greater relief from symptoms than monotherapy Many patients however stopped their treatment due to side effects In some cases it is possible that the medication has been removed due to sleep issues or worsening of tics This could be due to a misdiagnosis or a lack of medication Nonstimulants are another treatment option for ADHD These medications are effective in improving the ability to focus and impulse control however they are not as effective as stimulants They are less likely to suppress appetite and increase Some antidepressants are also prescribed for ADHD however they are less likely of improving concentration and focus Several studies have shown that atomoxetine and methylphenidate Concerta can be used together to achieve superior results than either on its own Combining these two drugs improved the adherence of patients and decreased side effects for most people The combination was beneficial for adolescents and young adults This combination could be a viable solution for children with severe ADHD