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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma a tumor that is cancerous that affects the linings of organs like the abdomen and chest is caused by exposure to asbestos It is most often caused by asbestos exposure particularly for people who work in industries or construction Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to a positive prognosis Patients with mesothelioma have better outcomes when they are diagnosed before the disease has progressed Causes Mesothelioma is a tumor that can be cancerous that develops in the tissues that lines the abdomen and chest is a rare disease In the majority of instances mesothelioma is malignant and is found in the lungs lining the pleura or the lining of the stomach and the intestines the peritoneum It can also develop in other tissues such as the tissue that surrounds the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles tunica vaginalis mesothelioma Exposure to asbestos is the main cause of mesothelioma Asbestos is made up of minerals that form a group and contain microscopic fibers Asbestos was once widely used in many industries such as shipbuilding construction and insulation People exposed to asbestos may develop mesothelioma symptoms up to 40 years after their first exposure to the substance The most frequently reported mesotheliomarelated symptom is difficulty breathing This is due to the accumulation of fluid in the lungs lungs and chest wall Doctors can diagnose mesothelioma through studying a patients medical record and performing diagnostic tests They will look at the patients Xrays computedtomography CT and magnetic resonance imaging scans MRI to determine whether there is any evidence of exposure to asbestos A biopsy is the primary procedure used to diagnose mesothelioma of the pleural region During omaha mesothelioma lawsuit doctors remove a small portion of the affected area to examine under microscope A biopsy can be carried out using two methods that include VATS Videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery a type of keyhole surgery or a needle that is inserted using the CT scan Mesothelioma can be difficult to detect because the symptoms and signs are similar to other conditions It is important to see a doctor immediately you notice any symptoms When mesothelioma first appears it is often at an advanced stage This means that treatment options will be limited The majority of patients with mesothelioma of the lung die from complications of the disease such as pneumonia and respiratory failure A smaller proportion of patients suffering from mesothelioma that affects other organs such as those who suffer from pericardial or tunica vaginalis mesothelioma suffer from complications of the heart or bowels Symptoms It is often difficult to diagnose mesothelioma by doctors because many of its symptoms are reminiscent of other diseases or conditions They may start by asking patients about their experiences of exposure to asbestos They may also request an CT scan or chest Xray to look for issues in the chest and lungs The next step is usually a biopsy in which doctors collect a small amount of tissue for the purpose of testing mesothelioma A biopsy can aid in determining whether or not the cancerous cells are malignant Pleural mesothelioma develops in the lungs lining and the signs are typically pain and shortness of breath which gets worse over time These symptoms can also be caused by fluid buildup in the lung pleural effusion Other symptoms of pleural mesothelioma include coughing up blood abdominal pain and swelling in the abdomen weight loss fatigue and breathing difficulties Peritoneal Mesothelioma which is less frequent can cause symptoms like nausea abdominal pain as well as fatigue and fever Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis area is even less common and can cause pain in the testicular region a lump inside the scrotum and loss of appetite If mesothelioma is spreading to other organs doctors will make use of an array of treatments and tests to treat it They can use surgery as well as chemotherapy treatment radiation therapy and immunotherapy to kill mesothelioma cancer cells or stop them from growing These treatments can be performed in an inpatient hospital at home at a clinic or through the clinic A biopsy can help doctors determine the type of mesothelioma that the patient is suffering from There are three main mesothelioma cells types epithelioid and sarcomatoid and biphasic The most common mesothelioma cell type is epithelioid They grow slower than other cancerous cells and are therefore easier to treat Sarcomatoid cancer is more difficult to treat and can grow rapidly If you notice any signs or symptoms it is essential to seek immediate treatment It is important that they do not delay the diagnosis as it could stop them from receiving proper treatment and allow the cancer more time to grow Patients who have mesothelioma treated aggressive treatment have a higher chance of living longer Diagnosis It is often difficult to identify mesothelioma since it is a rare type of cancer It could take doctors weeks or even months to identify a patient with an illness that requires treatment In addition to a physical exam and a medical examination the doctor will inquire about asbestos exposure and how symptoms began The doctor may request an imaging scan These tests can reveal areas of the chest cavity that are troublesome The most common test for diagnosing mesothelioma is a biopsy that involves removing a small piece of the tumor and examining it under microscope The specialist doctor will be able discern if the cancer is mesothelioma and the type of mesothelioma it is There are three types of mesothelioma epithelioid sarcomatoid epithelioid biphasic The cell type is important because it affects the ease of the tumor to treat Epithelioid cells are the most common found in around 70 of mesothelioma cases Sarcomatoid cell types resemble those found in fibrous tissue and are found in the remaining 30 of mesothelioma patients Mixed mesothelioma is considered to be the most dangerous as it has both epithelioid and sarcomatoid cells Blood tests can be used to determine whether the levels of fibulin3 soluble mesothelin and related Peptides as well as osteopontin are elevated These substances are more prevalent in mesothelioma compared to the general population The results of these tests arent conclusive in the confirmation or disproof of a mesothelioma diagnosis If a mesothelioma diagnosis is given the doctor may also require additional tests to determine how far the cancer has spread and how its impacting the patients overall health A lung function test for instance will reveal the efficiency of the lungs and help doctors determine if surgery is an option Other tests include a CT scan or an MRI A PETCT scan combines an CT scan along with a positronemission tomography scanner which allows doctors to determine if cancer has spread and where it is located A doctor can also request an ultrasound to determine the extent of the accumulation of fluid around the heart Treatment Patients with mesothelioma should find the right treatment for their diagnosis Treatment options include surgery chemotherapy treatment radiation therapy and immunotherapy To receive the best possible treatment patients must work in a team at an experienced mesothelioma centre within their area Doctors can detect mesothelioma through physical examination or laboratory tests as well as imaging scans A patient could be referred for more detailed testing or treatment options such as a biopsies A biopsy is the removal of a tiny portion of tissue to be examined under microscope Mesothelioma can be described as a cancer that occurs in the mesothelium which is a layer of protective cells that protect organs within the abdomen and chest It can be spread to bloodstreams and spread to other parts of the body There it can lead to lifethreatening complications In addition to a biopsied scan doctors can also perform an CT scan of the abdomen or chest These imaging tests are used to identify signs of mesothelioma as well as other diseases They can also reveal how the tumors effects are on the surrounding organs For instance mesothelioma affecting the lungs can also cause problems for the heart and intestines Blood tests can reveal an element in blood which indicates the presence of mesothelioma However these tests are not always reliable and cannot substitute for a mesothelioma biopsy Mesothelioma can be detected in the early stages which is important to improve survival rates Three types of mesothelioma exist depending on the type of cells that form Epithelioid mesothelioma is most common and responds better to treatment Biphasic mesothelioma and sarcomatoid are less responsive to treatments and have a poorer prognosis Malignant pleural mysothelioma can be found in the lining of the lungs called the pleura Doctors can treat mesothelioma pleural with surgery or chemotherapy This type of mesothelioma could be treated using two different procedures extrapleural lung pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomypericardiectomy PD Doctors can also utilize hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy or HIOC to reduce the chance that the cancer will come back after surgery In HIOC doctors inject chemotherapy drugs that fight cancer directly into the surgical site They then rock the patient back and forth to bathe the area in hot chemotherapy fluids