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https://telegra.ph/Unexpected-Business-Strategies-That-Helped-Pragmatic-Succeed-09-19

Study of Chinese Learners Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to the learnerinternal aspects CLKs understanding of the need to be pragmatic and the social ties they were able to draw from were significant For instance the RIs of TS and ZL both have cited their relationships with their local professors as a major reason for them to choose to not criticize the strictness of a professor see example 2 This article reviews all locally published pragmatic research on Korean until 2020 It focuses on key pragmatic topics including Discourse Construction Tests The discourse completion test is a popular tool in the field of pragmatic research It has many advantages but also a few disadvantages The DCT for instance is unable to account for cultural and individual differences The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations Therefore it is important to analyze it carefully before it is used for research or for assessment purposes Despite its limitations the DCT is a useful tool for analyzing the connection between prosody information structure and nonnative speakers Its ability to manipulate social variables that affect politeness in two or more steps could be a benefit This characteristic can be utilized to study the role of prosody in different cultural contexts In the field of linguistics the DCT has emerged as one of the primary tools to analyze learners communication behaviors It can be used to study various aspects that include the manner of speaking turn taking and lexical selection It can be used to determine phonological complexity in learners speaking A recent study employed the DCT to assess EFL students refusal skills Participants were presented with a range of scenarios to choose from and were then asked to select the most appropriate response The researchers found that the DCT was more efficient than other methods of refusal such as a questionnaire or video recordings However the researchers cautioned that the DCT should be employed with caution and include other data collection methods DCTs are usually designed with specific linguistic criteria in mind such as the content and the form These criteria are based on intuition and based on the assumptions of the test creators They arent always exact and could be misleading in describing how ELF learners actually respond to requests in realworld interactions This issue requires further research on different methods of assessing refusal competence A recent study has compared DCT responses to requests made by students through email with the responses gathered from an oral DCT The results revealed that the DCT promoted more direct and conventionally formbased requests and a lower use of hints than the email data did Metapragmatic Questionnaires MQs This study examined Chinese learners making pragmatic choices when using Korean It employed various tools for experimentation including Discourse Completion Tasks metapragmatic questions and Refusal Interviews 프라그마틱 정품 확인법 were 46 CLKs at the upperintermediate who participated in MQs DCTs and RIs They were also asked for reflections on their opinions and refusals in RIs The results revealed that CLKs frequently chose to defy native Korean pragmatic norms Their choices were influenced primarily by four factors that included their personalities and multilingual identities their current life experiences as well as their relationship affordances These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment and teaching The MQ data were examined to determine the participants rational choices The data was classified according to Ishihara 2010s definition of pragmatic resistance Then the selections were compared with their linguistic performance in the DCTs to determine whether they reflected pragmatic resistance or not Interviewees also had to explain why they chose an atypical behavior in certain situations The results of the MQs DCTs and ztests were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Z tests The CLKs were discovered to use euphemistic words like sorry or thank you This was probably due to their lack of experience with the target languages leading to an insufficient understanding of the korean pragmatic norms The results showed that the CLKs preference for converging to L1 norms or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varies according to the DCT situations For example in Situation 3 and 12 the CLKs preferred to diverge from both L1 and pragmatic norms whereas in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms The RIs showed that CLKs were aware of their pragmatic resistance to each DCT situation The RIs were conducted onetoone within two days of the participants completed the MQs The RIs were recorded and transcribing and then coded by two independent coders The coding process was iterative and involved the coders reading and discussing each transcript The coding results are then contrasted with the original RI transcripts to determine if they reflected the actual behavior Refusal Interviews One of the most important questions in pragmatic research is why learners decide to rescind the pragmatic norms of native speakers A recent study attempted to answer this question employing a range of experimental instruments including DCTs MQs and RIs Participants included 44 CLKs and 46 CNSs from five Korean Universities They were asked to perform the DCTs in their first language and to complete the MQs in either their L1 or L2 Then they were invited to attend a RI where they were required to consider their responses to the DCT situations The results showed that CLKs on average did not conform to the norms of native speakers in more than 40 of their responses They did this despite the fact that they could create nativelike patterns They were also aware of their pragmatic resistance They attributed their choices to learnerinternal aspects such as their identities personalities multilingual identities and ongoing life histories They also mentioned external factors like relationship advantages For instance they discussed how their relationships with professors led to more relaxed performance in relation to the intercultural and linguistic norms of their university The interviewees expressed concern about the social pressures or consequences they could be subject to if their local social norms were not followed They were worried that their local friends might consider them foreigners and think they are not intelligent This was a concern similar to the concerns expressed by Brown 2013 and Ishihara 2009 These findings suggest that native speakers pragmatic norms are not the preferred norm for Korean learners They may remain useful as a model for official Korean proficiency tests Future researchers should consider reassessing the validity of these tests in different contexts and in particular situations This will allow them to better understand the effect of different cultures on the classroom behavior and interactions of students from L2 This will also assist educators to develop better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics Seukhoon Paul Choi principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul is a geopolitical risks consultancy Case Studies The case study method is a method that focuses on intensive participantcentered research to study a specific subject This method makes use of numerous sources of information such as documents interviews and observations to confirm its findings This kind of research is useful for examining specific or complex subjects that are difficult to measure using other methods In a case study the first step is to clearly define both the subject and the objectives of the study This will help you determine what aspects of the subject are important to investigate and which can be omitted It is also beneficial to read the literature to gain a better understanding of the subject and place the case within a larger theoretical framework This case study was built on an opensource platform the KMMLU Leaderboard 50 and its Koreanspecific benchmarks HyperCLOVA X and LDCC Solar figure 1 below The results of the test showed that L2 Korean students were extremely susceptible to native models 프라그마틱 정품 확인법 were more likely to pick incorrect answer choices which were literal interpretations This was a departure from accurate pragmatic inference They also showed a distinct tendency to add their own text or garbage to their responses This also lowered the quality of their responses Furthermore the participants of this case study were L2 Korean learners who had attained level 4 in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK at the end of their second or third year of university and were hoping to achieve level 6 in their next attempt They were required to answer questions regarding their WTCSPCC and understanding and pragmatic awareness The interviewees were given two scenarios each involving an imaginary interaction with their interlocutors and were asked to choose one of the following strategies when making an inquiry They were then asked to explain the reasons behind their decision The majority of participants attributed their pragmatist opposition to their personality TS for instance stated that she was difficult to get along with and would not inquire about the health of her coworker when they had a lot of work even though she thought native Koreans would