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The Theory of Evolution The theory of evolution is based on the idea that certain traits are passed down more frequently than others These traits make it easier to live and reproduce for individuals and their numbers tend to increase as time passes Scientists have now discovered how this process operates For example an examination of the clawed frog showed that duplicate genes frequently serve different purposes Evolution is an organic process Natural selection is the process that results in organisms evolving to be the best adapted to the environment they live in It is one of the main mechanisms of evolution along with mutations migrations and genetic drift People with traits that facilitate reproduction and survival will be more likely to pass on the traits to their offspring This causes gradual changes in the frequency of genes as time passes This results in the creation of new species and the transformation of existing species Charles Darwin developed a scientific theory in the early 19th century which explained how organisms evolved with time The theory is based upon the notion that more offspring than are able to be able to survive are born and these offspring fight for resources in their surroundings This leads to a struggle for existence where those who have the most advantageous traits win while others are discarded 에볼루션 무료체험 who survive pass on these genes to their offspring This gives them an advantage over other members of the species As time passes the organisms that have these desirable traits increase in size However it is difficult to comprehend how natural selection can create new traits when its primary purpose is to eliminate inequities individuals In addition the majority of natural selections reduce the genetic variation of populations Natural selection is unlikely to generate new traits without the involvement of other forces Genetic drift mutation and migration are the major forces of evolution that alter the frequency of genes and result in evolution Sexual reproduction and the fact each parent transmits half of their genes to their children increases the speed of these processes These genes referred to as alleles can occur at different frequency among individuals belonging to the same species The allele frequencies that result determine whether the trait will be dominant or recessive A mutation is simply an alteration to the DNA code of an organism This change causes certain cells to develop grow and develop into an individual organism while others dont Mutations can also increase the frequency of existing alleles or create new alleles The new alleles are then transferred to the next generation and become dominant phenotypes Evolution is based on natural selection Natural selection is an easy mechanism that alters the population of living organisms over time It is the result of heritable phenotypic variations and differential reproduction These factors create an environment where people who have beneficial characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than those who do not In time this process results in a reshaping of the gene pool making it more closely aligned with the environment in which they live This is the premise that Darwin derived from his survival of the fittest This process is based on the notion that people adapt to their environment by displaying different characteristics The traits that are adaptive increase the chances of individuals to survive reproduce and produce many offspring BioMed Central states that this will eventually lead to the trait spread throughout the population In the end all of the people will be affected and the population will change This is known as evolution Those with lessadaptive characteristics will die off or fail to produce offspring and their genes will not be passed on to future generations In time genetically modified organisms will dominate the population and evolve into new species It is not a sure thing The environment can change suddenly and make the changes obsolete Another factor that can influence the course of evolution is sexual selection in which certain traits are chosen because they improve an individuals chance of mating with others This can lead to bizarre phenotypes such as brightlycolored plumage on birds or oversized antlers on deer These phenotypes may not be beneficial to the organism but they can increase its chances of survival as well as reproduction Another reason why students do not understand natural selection is because they misunderstand it as soft inheritance Soft inheritance is not required for evolution but it is often an important element This is because it allows for random modification of DNA and the creation new genetic variants which are not immediately beneficial to the organism These mutations become the raw material on which natural selection operates Genetics is the basis of evolution Evolution is a natural process of changing the characteristics inherited of species over time It is based upon a number factors such as mutation or gene flow as well as horizontal gene transfer Evolution is also influenced by the relative frequency of alleles in a populations gene pool This allows for the selection of traits that are advantageous in new environments The theory of evolution is a fundamental concept in biology that has profound implications for our understanding of life Darwins theories along with Linnaeus notions of relation and Lamarck theories of inheritance changed the way traits are passed down from parent to child Instead of parents passing on their inherited characteristics through use or disuse Darwin argued that they were favored or disfavored by the environment in which they lived and passed that knowledge on to their offspring Darwin referred to this as natural selection and his book The Origin of Species explained how this could result in the creation of new species Random genetic changes or mutations occur in the DNA of cells These mutations cause a wide range of phenotypic characteristics including the color of eyes and hair They are also affected by environmental factors Certain phenotypic traits are controlled by multiple genes and some have more than two alleles like blood type A B A or O The combination of Darwinian theories of evolution with Mendels theories of genetics is known as the Modern Synthesis and it is the framework that brings together macroevolutionary changes in fossil records with microevolutionary processes like genetic mutation and trait selection Macroevolution can take a long time to complete and is only visible in fossil records In contrast microevolution is a faster process that can be observed in living organisms today Microevolution is driven by mutation and genetic selection which are smaller scales than macroevolution It is also accelerated through other mechanisms such as gene flow or horizontal gene transfer Evolution is based on chance The idea that evolution occurs through chance is a claim that has been used for decades by antievolutionists But this argument is flawed and it is crucial to know the reason The argument is based on a misinterpretation of randomness and contingency This error stems from a misreading of the nature of biological contingency as described by Stephen Jay Gould He argued that the growth of genetic information is not just random but is dependent on events that have occurred before He based this on the fact that genes are copies of DNA and they themselves depend on other molecules All biological processes follow a causal sequence The argument is flawed further because it relies on the rules and practices of science These statements are not only logically untenable however they are also untrue The science practice presupposes that causal determinism is not enough to be able to predict all natural events Brendan Sweetmans book is an attempt to provide a logical and accessible introduction to the relationship of evolutionary theory to Christian theology He is a patient rather than a flashy writer which suits his goals which include separating the scientific value of evolutionary theory from its religious implications and cultivating the ability to think critically about an issue that is controversial The book may not be as thorough as it should be however it does provide a good overview of the debate It also makes clear that evolutionary theories are wellconfirmed widely accepted and suitable for rational approval The book is not as convincing when it comes down to whether God is involved in the process of evolution While Pokemon that are traded with other trainers cant be evolved for free trading them is an excellent way to save Candy and time The cost of developing certain Pokemon using the traditional method like Feebas is reduced by trading them with other players This is particularly beneficial for high level Pokemon that require a lot Candy to evolve