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How Does Machine Espresso Work The machine espresso uses precise pressure and filtering technology that is amazing to make the coffee you enjoy But how exactly does it work Espresso is produced by pushing hot water at high pressure through finelyground coffee The process is similar to making drip coffee but the key difference is in the pressure The Group Head The name implies the group head is the place you place your portafilter while making espresso It is responsible for dispersing water into the portafilter and controlling the pressure of the extraction There are various kinds of group heads each with their unique advantages and disadvantages Some are designed to provide temperature stability while others are built to handle preinfusion Some are designed to control the lever Some have a combination like the E61 This is a popular choice among baristas because it offers multiple advantages in a single package As you can see in the image above the group head is made up of many notches in which you can place your portafilter and twist it manually to lock it in A gasket of rubber is situated inside the notches which helps create a seal when you insert your portafilter The notches permit the precise placement of the portafilter This is crucial to ensure an accurate extraction In addition to allowing you to effortlessly insert your portafilter the group head is responsible for maintaining an even temperature It does this by cycling hot water through the brew basket and around the portafilter ensuring that it is always at the correct temperature for extraction This is vital because just a few degrees could be the difference between a good and great espresso The Pump In contrast to manual piston machines which use a lever to pressurize water Rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps to supply the nine atmospheric bars of pressure necessary to extract espresso The pressure builds up by removing tap water from a reservoir and pumping it through a heat exchanger prior to being pumped through the ground coffee inside the group head Pumps are typically less expensive than pistondriven models and they tend to last longer however both types of machines may be damaged by excessive use and inadequate cleaning Pumps are also more complicated mechanically which could increase the cost of even the most basic models Certain espresso machines do away with the pump completely and use steam pressure to brew espresso The disadvantage of this is that the boiler that produces steam also increases the temperature of the water to the point of boiling which can lead to excessive extraction They also have to constantly rebuild their pressure between cups This requires energy and time Many espresso machines make use of a vibration or rotary pump which has a vibration model that uses a vibrating disc to create the pressure and a rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds at high speed Both machines can make excellent espresso but rotary machines are more quiet durable and less likely to break The Boiler The boiler is the element that heats water to the ideal temperature to extract The resultant steam then reaches the portafilter which holds the ground espresso and gets funnelled down into the cup The steam generates enough pressure to push the grounds of the coffee through This produces a layer of crema on top This is one of the hallmarks of a good espresso There are three types of espresso makers They differ in the type of pump they employ and the degree of heat that the brew is There are various ways to control the strength of the brew and the size of cup that can be produced by the machine The earliest espresso machines were steambased The earliest espresso machines were steamtype machines The coffee tasted bitter and burned The modern espresso machine was developed by the Milanese manufacturers Luigi Bezzerra Desiderio Pavoni The most common espresso machine is a semiautomatic that has an electric pump These are what people imagine when they imagine an espresso machine Semiautomatic machines require you to grind and tamp the beans on your own but the pump regulates the water flow and pressure This is an excellent compromise between human control and mechanized reliability The Filter Espresso machines usually have a filter that separates the grounds of the coffee from the hot water The filter is also a vital part of the temperature control system since it helps prevent the machine from overheating A filter can also help with flavor as it allows for a longer flowering phase This helps the beans to release their flavors and provides an opportunity for better extraction It is important to keep in mind that even the most efficient filter could result in a poor cup of coffee The quality of the beans and the extraction process are still very important Its in this area that the magic happens This is what makes espresso taste so good The grouphead often referred to as the brew head is where the portafilter the thing you put the ground coffee in is placed when youre making espresso In a steamdriven espresso machine hot water is heated in an airtight container to produce steam which is then pushed through the grounds at a high pressure They are less expensive and are easier for the user to maintain than pumpsdriven models However they are not as efficient in their ability to produce the perfect brewing conditions as they only operate at 115 bars of pressure while the perfect shot requires 910 bar In recent years espresso machines driven by compressed airpump are becoming increasingly popular They make use of an air compressor to force hot water into the ground and are more mobile than electric steamdriven espresso machines