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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that grows within the protective linings surrounding organs such as the chest and abdomen Most often asbestos exposure is the cause particularly for those working in construction or industrial work Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to a good prognosis Patients with mesothelioma have better outcomes when they are diagnosed earlier than the disease has taken hold Causes Mesothelioma an aggressive cancerous tumor that develops in the tissue that lines the abdomen and chest is a rare condition Mesothelioma that is malignant is typically found in the tissues surrounding the lungs stomach intestines and lungs However it can also manifest in other tissues including the tissue that surrounds the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles tunica vaginalis mesothelioma Exposure to asbestos is the main cause of mesothelioma Asbestos is minerals that form a group and contain microscopic fibers Asbestos used to be widely used in many industries including construction shipbuilding and insulation The people who have been exposed to asbestos could develop symptoms of mesothelioma up to 40 years after their first exposure to the substance The most frequently reported symptom of mesothelioma is difficulty breathing This is due to the accumulation of fluid in the lung space and the chest wall Doctors can detect mesothelioma by examining a patients medical history and conducting diagnostic tests They will review the patients X rays computedtomography CT and magnetic resonance imaging scans MRI to determine whether there is any evidence of asbestos exposure A biopsy is the primary procedure to diagnose mesothelioma that is pleural During the test doctors will collect a small amount of tissue from the affected area to examine under a microscope A biopsy is performed using two methods one of which is VATS also known as a keyhole surgery A needle inserted through the CT scan The symptoms and signs of mesothelioma are similar to the symptoms and signs of other diseases which makes it difficult to identify It is crucial to speak with a doctor whenever you notice any signs When mesothelioma first manifests it usually occurs in advanced stages This means that treatment options are limited Most patients who have mesothelioma of the lung die from complications of the disease such as respiratory failure and pneumonia A smaller proportion of patients with mesothelioma affecting other organs like those who have pericardial or tunica vaginalis mesothelioma suffer due to complications of the heart or bowels Signs and symptoms Many of the signs and symptoms of mesothelioma are comparable to those of other diseases or conditions so it can be difficult for doctors to establish a diagnosis Patients may be asked about their exposure to asbestos They may also request a chest Xray or CT scan to determine if there are issues with the lungs or chest The next step is usually a biopsy in which doctors take a small amount of tissue to determine if mesothelioma is present A biopsy can be used to determine if the cancerous cells are malignant Pleural mesothelioma is a cancer that develops in the lining of the lungs and the symptoms typically include breathing shortness and pain that becomes worse over time These symptoms can also be caused by fluid buildup in the lung pleural effusion Other signs of pleural mesothelioma include a bloody cough abdominal pain and abdominal swelling as well as fatigue weight loss and difficulty breathing Peritoneal mesothelioma is not as common and usually causes symptoms such as abdominal pain vomiting as well as fatigue and fever Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis area is uncommon and can cause testicular pain a lump in the scrotum and loss of appetite massachusetts mesothelioma attorney will treat mesothelioma if it has spread to other areas of the body They will make use of an array of treatments and tests Surgery chemotherapy or radiation therapy as well as immunotherapy to kill mesothelioma cancer cells or stop them from growing The treatments can be given in a hospital or at home through an outpatient clinic A biopsy may also help doctors determine the mesothelioma type the patient has There are three main mesothelioma cell types epithelioid and sarcomatoid and biphasic The most wellknown mesothelioma type is epithelioid They develop slower than other cancerous cells and are therefore easier to treat Sarcomatoid cancer is more difficult to treat and can be spread quickly If you notice any signs that are not normal you should seek immediate treatment It is crucial to seek treatment as soon as they experience any symptoms A mistake in diagnosis could stop them from receiving the appropriate treatment and give cancer more time to develop Patients who have mesothelioma treated aggressive treatment have a better likelihood of living longer Diagnosis It can be difficult to diagnose mesothelioma because it is a rare form of cancer It can take doctors weeks or even months to diagnose a patient with an illness that requires treatment In addition to a physical exam doctors will ask questions about asbestos exposure and how symptoms first developed The doctor may also request an imaging scan These tests can identify areas of the lungs or chest cavity that are troublesome A biopsy is the most important test for diagnosing mesothelioma This involves removing one small portion of the tumor and then looking at it under a magnifying lens The specialist doctor will be able to determine if the tumor is mesothelioma and also the type There are three types sarcomatoid mixed biphasic or epithelioid The type of the cell can affect how easily the cancer can be treated Epithelioid cell types are the most common forming approximately 70 percent of mesothelioma tumors Sarcomatoid cells look like the fibrous tissue cells and are found in the remaining 30 percent of mesothelioma victims The most dangerous mesothelioma type called mixed mesothelioma is when it is composed of epithelioid as well as the sarcomatoid tumor cells A blood test can be performed to determine if levels of fibulin3 osteopontin and soluble mesothelin peptides that are elevated in the body These substances are more prevalent in mesothelioma sufferers than other people However the results of these tests do not prove or disprove mesothelioma diagnosis The doctor can also order other tests if mesothelioma has been identified to determine how far the cancer spreads and how it affects the patients health A lung function test for instance will reveal how well the lungs function and aid doctors in deciding if surgery is an option Other tests include a CT scan or MRI A PETCT scan combines the CT scan with a positron emission scanner which helps doctors determine if the cancer has taken hold and where its situated The doctor could also order an echocardiogram in order to check for any enlargement of the heart Treatment Patients with mesothelioma have to discover the best treatment option for their diagnosis Treatment options include radiation chemotherapy and immunotherapy To receive the most effective treatment patients should work together with a medical team at an experienced mesothelioma center in their area Doctors can identify mesothelioma using physical examination as well as laboratory tests and scans A patient can be directed to a specialist for more detailed testing or treatments like taking a biopsy A biopsy is the removal of a small portion of tissue to be examined under microscope Mesothelioma can be described as a cancer that develops in the mesothelium which is a layer of protective cells that protect organs within the abdomen and chest It can grow into bloodstreams and then spread to other areas of the body In these instances it can cause lifethreatening complications In addition to the biopsy doctors could conduct a CT scan or an MRI of the chest or abdomen These imaging tests are utilized to identify signs of mesothelioma as well as other illnesses They can also demonstrate the effect of the tumor on the organs around it For example mesothelioma which affects the lungs can also affect the intestines and the heart Blood tests can detect mesothelioma by looking for a substance present in the blood However these tests are not always accurate and cannot replace mesotheliomaspecific biopsy The early detection of mesothelioma can be crucial to increase survival rates Three mesothelioma types exist depending on the type of cells that are formed Epithelioid the most common type that responds well to treatment Sarcomatoid and biphasic mesothelioma are less susceptible to treatment and have a lower prognosis The Pleura is a lining that covers the lungs Doctors can treat mesothelioma pleural by undergoing surgery or chemotherapy Two surgeries are offered for this type of mesothelioma extrapleural pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomy accompanied by pericardiectomy PD Doctors can use hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy HIOC HIOC to reduce the risk of recurrences after surgery In HIOC doctors inject chemotherapy drugs to fight cancer directly into the surgical site They then move the patient back and forth bathing the area in hot chemotherapy fluids