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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a cancer that grows within the protective linings surrounding organs such as the abdomen and chest It is typically caused through exposure to asbestos particularly for those who work in industries or construction Early diagnosis and treatment is key to a favorable prognosis Patients suffering from mesothelioma will have better outcomes if they are diagnosed before the disease has been able to spread Causes Mesothelioma a cancerous tumor that develops in the tissues that surrounds the abdomen and chest is a rare condition The most common form of malignant mesothelioma can be found in the tissues of the lungs stomach intestines and lungs redding mesothelioma attorneys can also affect other tissues such as the tissues surrounding the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles The exposure to asbestos is the main cause of mesothelioma Asbestos is minerals in a group that contain microscopic fibers Asbestos was previously used extensively in a range of industries such as construction insulation and shipbuilding Asbestos exposure may cause mesotheliomarelated symptoms for up to 40 years after the last exposure The most frequent symptoms is difficulty breathing This is due to the buildup of fluid within the space between the lungs and chest wall Doctors can detect mesothelioma by looking over a patients medical history and conducting diagnostic tests They will determine if there is any evidence of exposure to asbestos and look at the patients Xrays and computed tomography CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging MRI A biopsy is the principal procedure used to determine pleural mesothelioma During the test doctors will take a small amount of tissue from the affected area to study under an microscope A biopsy can be carried out using two methods VATS a type keyhole surgery A needle that is inserted through a CT scan Mesothelioma is often difficult to detect because the signs and symptoms are similar to other diseases It is important to see a doctor as soon as you begin to notice any signs When mesothelioma first gets diagnosed its often in an advanced stage Treatment options are limited Most patients who have mesothelioma of their lung die from complications of the disease This includes respiratory failure and pneumonia A lesser proportion of patients with mesothelioma of other organs for instance those who suffer from pericardial or tunica vaginalis mesothelioma die from complications affecting the heart or bowels Signs and symptoms It is often difficult for doctors to diagnose mesothelioma as many of its symptoms are reminiscent of other diseases or conditions Patients may be asked about their exposure to asbestos They could also request a chest Xray or CT scan to check for issues with the lungs or chest The next step is usually the biopsy which is when doctors will take a small portion of the patients blood to test for mesothelioma A biopsy can aid in determining whether or not the cancerous cells are malignant Pleural mesothelioma is a cancer that develops in the lining of the lungs and the signs are typically discomfort and shortness of breath that becomes worse over time These symptoms may also be caused by the accumulation of fluid in the lung pleural effusion Other signs of pleural mesothelioma are bloody coughing abdominal swelling fatigue weight loss and breathing difficulties Peritoneal Mesothelioma which is less frequent can cause symptoms like abdominal pain nausea as well as fatigue and fever Even less common is mesothelioma in the tunica vaginalis that can cause testicular pain a lump on the scrotum and loss of appetite Doctors will treat mesothelioma when it has spread to other regions of the body They will use an array of treatments and tests They may use chemotherapy radiation therapy and immunotherapy to stop or stop mesotheliomas growth These treatments can be given in a hospital at home or through an outpatient clinic A biopsy can assist doctors determine the type of mesothelioma a patient has There are three major types of mesothelioma cells epithelioid most common Sarcomatoid second most prevalent and biphasic Epithelioid mesothelioma is the most common and tend to grow slower than other cancerous cells so they are more easily treated Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is harder to treat and can grow rapidly If you experience any symptoms it is important to seek immediate treatment It is important to not defer a diagnosis because misdiagnosis can prevent them from getting the correct treatment and give cancer time to spread Patients with mesothelioma that receive aggressive treatment have a greater chance of living longer Diagnosis It is often difficult to diagnose mesothelioma because it is a rare type of cancer It can take a couple of weeks or months for doctors to work out the patient has an illness that requires treatment In addition to a physical examination doctors will inquire about asbestos exposure and when symptoms first developed The doctor may also request an imaging scan These tests can help identify areas of the lungs or chest cavity that are problematic A biopsy is the principal test used to determine mesothelioma This involves removing an insignificant portion of the tumor then examining it using a magnifying glass The specialist doctor will be able to tell if its mesothelioma and what type it is There are three types sarcomatoid mixed biphasic or epithelioid The type of the cell is important because it determines how easy the tumour is to treat Epithelioid cells are among the most prevalent which are found in around 70 percent of mesothelioma tumors Sarcomatoid cancer cells are similar to those found in fibrous tissue They are found in 30 of mesothelioma cases The most risky mesothelioma form called mixed mesothelioma is when it has epithelioid and sarcomatoid cancer cells Blood tests can be used to determine if the levels of fibulin3 and soluble mesothelin related propeptides along with osteopontin are elevated These substances are typically higher in mesothelioma patients than in other people The results of these tests are not conclusive in either proving or disproving a diagnosis If a mesothelioma diagnosis is made the doctor may also request other tests to work out how far the cancer has spread and how its affecting the patients overall health A lung function test for example will show how well the lungs function and help the doctor decide if surgery is an option Other tests include the CT scan or MRI A PETCT scan combines an CT scan with a positron emission scanner which aids doctors find out if the cancer has been able to spread and where its situated A doctor might also request an ultrasound to check for an accumulation of fluid around the heart Treatment Patients with mesothelioma should find the appropriate treatment for their condition Treatment options include surgery chemotherapy radiation and immunotherapy To receive the best possible care patients should work together with a medical team at an experienced mesothelioma centre in their local area Doctors can diagnose mesothelioma by physical examination or lab tests as well as imaging scans A patient could be referred to a specialist for more thorough tests or treatment options such as biopsy A biopsy is an operation that removes a small piece of tissue for examination under the microscope Mesothelioma a cancer develops in the mesothelium which is a layer of protective cells that covers organs in the chest and abdomen It can grow into bloodstreams and later spread to other parts of the body that could cause serious complications In addition to the biopsy doctors could conduct an CT scan or an MRI of the chest or abdomen These imaging tests can be used to determine the presence of mesothelioma or other conditions They can also show the impact of the tumor on the surrounding organs For instance a mesothelioma that affects the lungs can also affect the intestines and the heart Blood tests can identify a substance in the blood that indicates the presence mesothelioma These tests are not always reliable and cant replace a biopsy for mesothelioma Mesothelioma can be detected in the early stages and can help increase survival rates There are three types of mesothelioma based on the cells that form Epithelioid mesothelioma is the most prevalent and is responsive to treatment Sarcomatoid and biphasic mesothelioma is less susceptible to treatment and have a less favorable prognosis Malignant pleural mysothelioma can be found in the lining of the lungs called the pleura Doctors can treat mesothelioma pleural through chemotherapy or surgery This type of mesothelioma could be treated with two different procedures extrapleural lung pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomypericardiectomy PD Doctors can also use hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy or HIOC to lower the chance that cancer will recur after surgery During HIOC doctors inject cancerfighting drugs directly into the surgical site They then rock the patient around to bathe the area in hot chemotherapy fluids