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https://pediascape.science/wiki/17_Reasons_You_Shouldnt_Ignore_Evolution_Korea

The Berkeley Evolution Site The Berkeley site contains resources that can help students and teachers understand and teach evolution The materials are organized into a variety of learning paths such as What did T rex taste like Charles Darwins theory of natural selection explains how over time creatures that are more able to adapt to changing environments thrive and those that are not extinct Science is all about this process of evolutionary change What is Evolution The term evolution has a variety of nonscientific meanings such as progress or descent with modification It is an academic term that refers to the process of changing traits over time in organisms or species The reason for this change is biological terms on natural drift and selection Evolution is the central tenet of modern biology It is a concept that has been tested and proven by a myriad of scientific tests Evolution does not deal with Gods presence or spiritual beliefs unlike many other theories of science such as the Copernican or germ theory of diseases Early evolutionists like Erasmus Darwin Charless grandfather and JeanBaptiste Lamarck believed that certain physical characteristics were predetermined to change in a steppedlike manner over time This was referred to as the Ladder of Nature or scala naturae Charles Lyell first used this term in 1833 in his Principles of Geology In the early 1800s Darwin formulated his theory of evolution and published it in his book On the Origin of Species It asserts that different species of organisms share an ancestry that can be proven through fossils and other evidence This is the current view on evolution which is supported by a variety of scientific fields that include molecular biology While scientists dont know exactly how organisms evolved they are confident that the evolution of life on earth is a result of natural selection and genetic drift People with advantages are more likely than others to survive and reproduce They then pass their genes to the next generation As time passes this leads to a gradual accumulation of changes in the gene pool which gradually create new species and types Certain scientists use the termevolution to refer to largescale changes such the development of an animal from an ancestral one Certain scientists including population geneticists define evolution in a broader sense by using the term net change to refer to the change in the frequency of alleles across generations Both definitions are acceptable and precise however some scientists believe that the allelefrequency definition is missing essential aspects of the evolution process Origins of Life One of the most crucial steps in evolution is the appearance of life This happens when living systems begin to evolve at the micro level within cells for example The origin of life is an important issue in a variety of areas including biology and the field of chemistry The origin of life is a subject of great interest in science as it challenges the theory of evolution It is often described as the mystery of life or abiogenesis Traditionally the idea that life can arise from nonliving things is known as spontaneous generation or spontaneous evolution This was a popular view before Louis Pasteurs experiments showed that it was impossible for the emergence of life to occur by an entirely natural process Many scientists believe that it is possible to transition from nonliving substances to life The conditions necessary to make life are not easy to replicate in a laboratory This is why researchers investigating the origins of life are also interested in understanding the physical properties of the early Earth and other planets The lifecycle of a living organism is also dependent on a series of complex chemical reactions that are not predicted by the basic physical laws visit this website include the reading and replication of complex molecules like DNA or RNA to produce proteins that perform a particular function These chemical reactions can be compared with a chickenand egg problem that is the emergence and growth of DNARNA the proteinbased cell machinery is essential for the beginning of life But without life the chemistry needed to make it possible appears to be working Abiogenesis research requires collaboration with scientists from various fields This includes prebiotic scientists astrobiologists and planetary scientists Evolutionary Changes The term evolution is commonly used to refer to the accumulated changes in the genetic traits of a population over time These changes may result from the response to environmental pressures as described in the entry on Darwinism see the entry on Charles Darwin for background or from natural selection This latter mechanism increases the number of genes that provide the advantage of survival for the species leading to an overall change in the appearance of the group These changes in evolutionary patterns are caused by mutations reshuffling genes during sexual reproduction and the flow of genes While reshuffling and mutations of genes are common in all living things the process by which beneficial mutations become more common is called natural selection As mentioned above those who have the advantageous characteristic have a higher reproduction rate than those who do not This difference in the number of offspring produced over a long period of time can result in a gradual change in the number of advantageous traits in the group This can be seen in the evolution of various beak shapes for finches from the Galapagos Islands They have created these beaks to ensure they can get food more easily in their new habitat These changes in shape and form could also help create new organisms The majority of changes are caused by a single mutation however sometimes multiple occur at once The majority of these changes are neither harmful nor even harmful to the organism but a small percentage can have an advantageous impact on the survival of the organism and its reproduction thereby increasing their frequency in the population over time Natural selection is a mechanism that can produce the accumulating change over time that leads to the creation of a new species Some people confuse evolution with the idea of soft inheritance which is the idea that traits inherited from parents can be altered by conscious choice or by abuse This is a misunderstanding of the nature of evolution and of the actual biological processes that cause it A more accurate description is that evolution is a twostep process that involves the distinct and often competing forces of mutation and natural selection Origins of Humans Modern humans Homo Sapiens evolved from primates a group of mammal species that includes chimpanzees as well as gorillas The earliest human fossils show that our ancestors were bipeds walkers on two legs Genetic and biological similarities suggest that we are closely related to the chimpanzees In fact we are most closely related to the chimpanzees within the Pan Genus which includes bonobos and pygmychimpanzees The last common ancestor shared between modern humans and chimpanzees was 8 to 6 million years old Humans have developed a range of traits over time including bipedalism the use of fire and the development of advanced tools However it is only in the last 100000 years or so that the majority of the essential characteristics that differentiate us from other species have developed They include language a large brain the ability to build and use complex tools as well as the diversity of our culture Evolution happens when genetic changes allow individuals of a population to better adapt to their surroundings This adaptation is driven by natural selection a process whereby certain traits are preferred over others The more adjusted are more likely to pass on their genes to the next generation This is how all species evolve and forms the foundation of the theory of evolution Scientists refer to it as the law of natural selection The law states that species that share an ancestor will tend to develop similar traits in the course of time It is because these traits make it easier to survive and reproduce within their environment All organisms possess a DNA molecule that contains the information needed to control their growth The structure of DNA is made of base pairs which are arranged in a spiral around phosphate and sugar molecules The sequence of bases within each strand determines the phenotype the characteristic appearance and behavior of a person The variations in a population are caused by mutations and reshufflings of genetic material known collectively as alleles Fossils from the earliest human species Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis have been discovered in Africa Asia and Europe Although there are some differences they all support the hypothesis that modern humans first appeared in Africa The evidence from fossils and genetics suggests that early humans left Africa and migrated to Asia and Europe